They played a major role in Scottish and British . The black marble staircase photographed for Country Living in 1919 Country Life Picture Library. Abstaining from masturbating RAISES risk of anxiety and depression The last of its contents were stripped and sold. Five years later, Charles I imprisoned the Duke in Pendennis Castle, riled by his growing misconduct and inaction during negotiations with the Covenanters. Her Spencer property was inherited by the 9th Duke in 1771, and the Rochford estate in Suffolk eventually passed to the 10th Duke (d. 1852) on the death of the 5th Earl of Rochford in 1830. Born 1755, died 1769. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Duchy of Somerset All are keen to experience the centuries-old architecture, paintings, antiques and learn about its historical past and the families who have lived here. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Here at National Museums Scotland, the imposing fireplace wall from the Drawing Room is the centrepiece of our Art of Living gallery. The 10th Duke of Hamilton was an admirer of Napoleon I, and the wedding was undoubtedly arranged because of Marie's close connection to the Emperor. Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, GB/NNAF/F89090 (Former ISAAR ref: GB/NNAF/F8426 ), Douglas-Hamilton family, Dukes of Hamilton and Brandon. William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton 1811-1863: Capt. 26 April 2021. In 1656, the 3rd Duchess married William Douglas, 1st Earl of Selkirk, third son of William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas. Charles Douglas-Hamilton 1808-1873: William Hamilton Douglas, 12th Duke of Hamilton 1845-1895: Alfred Douglas-Hamilton, 13th Duke of Hamilton 1862-1940: Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton 1903-1973: Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton 1938-2010: Alexander . Hamilton Tartan - Kinloch Anderson James, 1st Duke of Hamilton. Active during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, his allegiance waxed and waned with Royalist gains. This information will help us make improvements to the website. The Duke is the Hereditary Keeper of the Palace of Holyroodhouse and the hereditary bearer of the Crown of Scotland. Although a political chameleon, James actually met his end in the pursuit of money. Even now, people wonder how he could have left his wife and two young children . Only Death allows admittance to the tomb. In addition to acquiring a number of Napoleonic heirlooms, Alexander also demonstrated his opposition to the British government of the time by commissioning a very expensive portrait of the Emperor and displaying it in London in the early 1800s. The fourth dukewas also a major investor in the Darien scheme, an imperial catastrophe which cost Scotland almost half its currency in circulation at the time. They enjoyed a few days together in an unknown location after the wedding and plan to have a proper honeymoon later in the year. Recent research has revealed that the monstrance was, indeed, given to the monastery by the Emperor Philip II of Spain in the mid-16th century. The duke of Hamilton and Brandon is one of only five British peers to hold more than one dukedom, the others being: Historically, several other peers have held multiple dukedoms, including the Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and Newcastle-under-Lyne, the Duke of Argyll and Greenwich, the Duke of Monmouth and Buccleuch and the two Dukes of Queensberry and Dover and some other mainly royal dukes. William Douglas-Hamilton (1845-95), 12th Duke of Hamilton David Hamilton's son Sir John Hamilton became the 4th laird and was in turn succeeded as 5th laird by his son James Hamilton. He was created Duc de Chtellerault in the Peerage of France in 1548 for his part in arranging the marriage of Queen Mary to Francis, Dauphin of France. Charles Wellesley, 9th Duke of Wellington - Wikipedia The supporters are: on either side an Antelope Argent armed unguled ducally gorged and chained Or. The Dukes of Hamilton GitHub export from English Wikipedia. First pictures of Hamilton mother found dead in plush apartment complex Please contact us to see how we might be able to assist. The boys have given the beloved local pub a new lease of life, with . The ability to comment on our stories is a privilege, not a right, however, and that privilege may be withdrawn if it is abused or misused. Only two enormous house sales in 1882 and 1919 saved the Hamilton fortune. Archibald, 9th Duke of Hamilton. This site is part of Newsquest's audited local newspaper network. The 6th duke died after catching a cold when out hunting only six years later. In 1988 the Duke married, secondly, Jillian Robertson, an Australian-born writer and journalist. Queen 'used Beatrice wedding as useful signal' amid Andrew . He died without issue and was succeeded by his brother Douglas, 8th Duke of Hamilton. Unlike his four predecessors, he attained a great age. [3] She is an interior designer and the daughter of Hubert A. J. Rutherford (born 1940), of Roxburghshire, and Isabel W. Taylor (born 1943), of Edinburgh. In the early part of the 20th century, Hamilton Palace was found to be sinking, a consequence of the . Anne was James daughter and inherited instead of her cousins; Williams will denied the succession to his daughters. The changes of partner reflected their real-life infidelities. The main line of the Hamilton family suddenly found itself consisting of six unwed young women. He was 10 years old and living in Busby at the time, near to where Hess' plane went down. His brother, William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton died from wounds received at the Battle of Worcester in 1651. THE wedding of Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, the 16th Duke of Hamilton, took place at Canongate Kirk in Edinburgh on Saturday followed by a reception at Lennoxlove House near Haddington. Born 1845, died 1895. We rely on your donations to protect the objects in our care. Born 1631, died 1716. Home to the Dukes of Hamilton for nearly 300 years, inside its magnificent walls lived treasures to rival the Royal Collection. Anne also employed William Morgan, a leading London woodcarver who had worked on the Chapel Royal at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, to decorate the interiors of the newly-built Palace. The two. George's brother Prince Albert, Duke of York, the future King George VI, had married Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon at Westminster Abbey in 1923. During the lead up to the Acts of Union 1707, the 4th Duke was the leader of the anti-union party. It is the senior dukedom in that peerage (except for the Dukedom of Rothesay held by the Sovereign's eldest son), and as such its holder is the premier peer of Scotland, as well as being head of both the House of Hamilton and the House of Douglas. [1], Upon the death of his father on 5 June 2010, he became the 16th Duke of Hamilton in the Peerage of Scotland and 13th Duke of Brandon in the Peerage of Great Britain. Chatelherault, Hamilton - Historic Buildings & Homes | VisitScotland Description. James George Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton - geni family tree Anne, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton. Wedding of the Marquess of Hamilton, 1966, View theroyalwatchers profile on Facebook, View the_royal_watchers profile on Instagram, View saadandayeshas profile on Pinterest, Georgina Wernher and Lt.-Col. Harold Phillips, Grace Kelly - Princess Grace of Monaco - Bains de Mer Tiara - Royal Jewels Documentary, Details of King Charles and Queen Camilla's State Visits to France and Germany, The Jewels of Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone. Born 1703, died 1743. Wedding of the Marquess of Hamilton, 1966 | The Royal Watcher King 'evicted Harry and Meghan after Duke's snipes at Camilla' Elizabeths wedding band was a curtain ring stripped from a bed. The next heir is (under provision 4 of the special remainder) the heir whatsoever of the 3rd Duchess, namely Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby (born 1962) (a descendant of the 6th Duke through his only daughter, Lady Elizabeth Hamilton, who married Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby). In 1761, on the death of the Duke of Douglas, the marquessate of Douglas passed to the 7th Duke of Hamilton, but the Douglas estates passed to a nephew of the Duke of Douglas (see Douglas-Home, Earls of Home). It had formed part of a large gold monstrance that had been sold at auction in London the previous year as loot from the Spanish royal monastery of the Escorial, near Madrid. His best man for the wedding was his younger brother, Lord John Douglas-Hamilton, while one of the readings came from his sister Lady Ann Douglas-Hamilton. How bittersweet then that the last real monument to these architects of Scottish history isnt the palatial home and treasures they lived, loved and fought for so hard for, but the cold quiet tomb which guarded their bones and souls. By 1647, he was again treating with Charles I, signing the Engagement treaty to ally with the king in exchange for support establishing Presbyterianism in England. If you are dissatisfied with the response provided you can The seat of the Dukes of Hamilton is Lennoxlove House, replacing the now-demolished Hamilton Palace. His son David Hamilton, the 3rd laird, was the first to establish Hamilton as the family name. Archibald was forced to buy them back, or risk having nowhere to sit! 3 He was baptised in 1904 with HM King Edward VII of the United Kingdom as his sponsor. John McVicar, 80, has memories of the day when the Nazi leader parachuted into Scotland. The Duke could trace his ancestry back to Mary Queen of Scots and was custodian of the family's 14th Century seat, Lennoxlove House in East Lothian. Sold to publishing magnate William Randoph Hearst in the 1920s, it has travelled the globe for a century: to the auction rooms of London, onwards to Hearst Castle in California, resting in the Metropolitan Museum in New York, before finally journeying home to Scotland and the museum. Despite its resplendent rooms, the north front of the Palace erected under Annes guardianship was considered unimpressive. The arms of the current Duke of Hamilton and Brandon are: quarterly: 1st and 4th grand quarters: quarterly: 1st and 4th, Gules three Cinquefoils Ermine (for Hamilton); 2nd and 3rd, Argent a Lymphad with the sails furled proper flagged Gules (for Arran); 2nd and 3rd grand quarters: Argent a Heart Gules imperially crowned Or on a Chief Azure three Mullets of the first (for Douglas). Annes State Rooms were furnished with imported black marble and embellished with more intricate woodwork. Newsquest Media Group Ltd, Loudwater Mill, Station Road, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. Duke of Hamilton - Wikipedia He returned to Scotland with Charles II in 1650, dying at the Battle of Worcester. [1] In this role, he walks immediately before the monarch in the ancient ceremonial procession known as the Riding of Parliament. Estates in 1883: 102,210 acres in Buteshire; 45,731 acres in Lanarkshire; 3,694 acres in West Lothian; 810 acres in Stirlingshire; 4,939 acres in Suffolk and 2 acres in Berkshire, worth a total of 73,638, excluding a mineral rent of 67,006. Dalek cyborg emerging from a vortex in space with a DNA double helix, police box, and earth in the background. The wedding of the Queen Mother and King George VI | Tatler Lennoxlove House is now the home of our current Duke, Alexander, the 16th Duke of Hamilton and his family. An influential military leader during the Thirty Years War, he returned as Charles principal Scottish adviser when the conflict ended. Charles Douglas Douglas-Hamilton (born 1979) (second son of Baron Selkirk of Douglas), The Hon. The Duke of Hamilton NW3 - Tripadvisor The Old State Dining Room, for example, is now on display in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts. Born 1724, died 1758. Outside, visitors can explore 10 miles of walks along the scenic River Avon and through ancient woodland. Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton. William, 11th Duke of Hamilton, succeeded to the title in 1852 but spent very little time in Scotland after this and took almost no interest in his British affairs. In the State Drawing Room, Alexander added a striking black marble chimneypiece and above this, an imposing carving of his arms as a Knight of the Garter. Theirs was a love match which sadly descended into misery. In 1812 he bought an enamelled, solid gold foot, weighing almost 39 ounces, from Rundell, Bridge and Rundell for the princely sum of 241 18s 6d. The cost of repairs far outstripped the familys wealth, much of it squandered during the 19thcentury. For a stately home now regarded as Scotlands greatest lost treasure trove, Hamilton Palaces architectural beginnings belied its future. With no neoclassical palace to stand in the shadows of, its easy to forget about the lone quirky survivor of the Hamilton estates. With 10,000 slabs sourced from all over the world and underfloor heating, the floor is as much a technical masterpiece as it is one of beauty. His son James Hamilton (1606-1649) was created Duke of Hamilton, Marquess of Clydesdale, Earl of Arran and Cambridge and Lord Aven and Innerdale 12 April 1643. This travelling service was crafted for Pauline in 1803 by Martin-Guillaume Biennais, to commemorate her marriage to Prince Camillo Borghese. This French Dukedom was forfeit when he switched allegiances in 1559. Looking back at the wedding of George V and Queen Mary Emperor Napoleon III "confirmed" this title for the 12th Duke of Hamilton in the 19th century, but although the 12th Duke was heir male of the 2nd Earl, the legal effect of this "confirmation" is doubtful.[8]. Born 1767, died 1852. He was created Marquess of Hamilton, Earl of Arran and Lord Aven on 17 April 1599. Each surface, each carving, lays bare the 10th dukes obsession with the ancient world and his concern with the transience of life. The Dundonald papers were inherited by the 6th Duke of Hamilton through his mother (sister of the 5th Earl of Dundonald and heir to his unentailed estates). By the mid-19th century, Alexander, the 10th Duke of Hamilton, declared himself as the 'rightful heir to the Scottish throne'. A Gannett Company. The 2nd Earl was succeeded by his eldest son, James, 3rd Earl of Arran, who had been proposed as a husband to Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1561. James, 6th Duke of Hamilton. 1 He was the son of Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton and Lady Elizabeth Ivy Percy. James, 5th Duke of Hamilton. 20 min read. The Duchess' bedroomphotographed for Country Living in 1919 Country Life Picture Library. When Douglas died in 1799, the dukedom passed to his uncle, Archibald. 1 He married, firstly, June Mary Curtis, daughter of T. J. Curtis, on 3 July 1971. The Duke of Hamilton has been a core part of Hampstead life since 1721 and was once famed as the favourite watering hole of actors Richard Burton, Peter O'Toole and Oliver Reed. He is the son of Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton, and his first wife, Sarah Scott. Hamilton Clan Crest, Motto, Family History, Hamilton Surname Gifts Duke of Hamilton places Crown of Scotland on the Queen's coffin during The Duke of Hamilton - The Telegraph [24][25], His great-grandson, Archibald, 3rd Marquess of Douglas, was created Duke of Douglas, Marquess of Angus and Abernethy, Viscount of Jedburgh Forest and Lord Douglas of Bonkill, Prestoun and Robertoun on 10 April 1703.[26]. The 10th duke was an ardent admirer of the Emperor Napoleon and persuaded his son to marry Princess Marie of Baden, the daughter of the adopted daughter of Napoleon. The Duke of Somerset's Estates. James, her eldest son, became the 4th Duke of Hamilton in 1698. We would be delighted to show you around and hear about your plans, so don't hesitate to contact us . Anne should have been one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Scotland but the death of her father and uncle left the estate with huge debts. In 1937, Douglas Douglas-Hamilton married Lady Elizabeth Ivy Percy, daughter of the Duke of Northumberland, and they had five sons, the oldest of whom, Angus Douglas-Hamilton, became 15th Duke of Hamilton on his father's death in 1973. The duel so shocked polite society that the law was subsequently changed so duellers could only fight with pistols. Winter storm forces postponements of boys basketball sectionals in Some Lanarkshire property, including Crawford, had passed in the late 17th century to the Douglas family, Earls of Selkirk. Although Brodick Castle in Arran and Hamilton Palace brought a regular income, the familys debts already ran into hundreds of thousands of pounds. [citation needed] He also regularly attends sittings in the Court of Lord Lyon as an hereditary assessor, sitting on the bench beside Lord Lyon. Cookie. They were involved in political intrigue and the struggle for Scottish independence, plagued by insanity and disastrous financial dealings, accused of treason and illegitimacy, derided as usurpers, adulterers and egotists, and even executed and exiled from their own country. He was the second son who was never supposed to be crowned as King, so when Prince Albert, Duke of York, wed Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon on 26 April 1923 (after asking her three times to be his wife), the . [7] He was succeeded by his elder son from his second marriage, James, 2nd Earl of Arran. The Palace, conceived in greatness 300 years earlier, was razed to the ground. He died aged 40, from jaundice and palsy. Editors' Code of Practice. On Monday and Tuesdays between 10am and 10:30pm (subject to available), and on all other days, the House is available from 4:30pm until 10:30pm. He is the son of Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton, and his first wife, Sarah Scott, and was educated at Keil School, Dumbarton, and Gordonstoun in Scotland. Lord Abernethy and Jedburgh Forest, Originally, renowned Glasgow architect David Hamilton was commissioned to build this domed tomb in a Roman style, but it was completed by David Bryce and sculptor Alexander Handyside Ritchie. Prince George, Duke of Kent - Spartacus Educational Margaret Douglas, Countess of Arran (1500 - 1579) - Genealogy It is a thousand pities that so great and historic a house should disappear. Alexander Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton, 13th Duke of Brandon (born 31 March 1978) is a Scottish nobleman and the premier peer of Scotland. This website and associated newspapers adhere to the Independent Press Standards Organisation's DUKE OF HAMILTON STATUE (Brodick) - All You Need to - tripadvisor.co.uk William was the 11th dukes eldest son and another lover of the high life; he loved horse racing and steam yachts. He married Sophie Ann Rutherford (1976) 7 May 2011 in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. His son, also James, was by contrast known for his womanising. James, 5th Duke, succeeded his father in 1712; he was one of the London Foundling Hospitals first governors. Since 1711, the dukedom has been held together with the Dukedom of Brandon in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the dukes since that time have been styled Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, along with several other subsidiary titles. Official reports note he died of a fever or tuberculosis but society publication Dodleys Annual Register claimed, his growing so exceedingly fast is said to have been the cause of death. Keen gossips speculated this was because of a medical condition. "Dukes of Hamilton" redirects here. Douglas was a paramour, with many mistresses and two illegitimate children. The Duke of Argyll (Scottish Gaelic: Dic Earra-Ghidheil) is a title, created by Letters Patent in the Peerage of Scotland June 23, 1701 and in the Peerage of the United Kingdom April 7, 1892. He commanded forces in Scotland during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, facing opposition from his own mother. The Queen mourns for Duke of Hamilton - Express.co.uk LENNOXLOVE HOUSE, THE ESTATE OFFICE, HADDINGTON, EAST LOTHIAN, EH41 4NZ. The Royal Bride Who Wore Pink | Vogue View of the underside of the Concorde inside an aircraft hangar. Ten dukes-a-dining: Gathered together over lunch for a unique picture The couple had announced their engagement last March, and were married by the Rev Neil Gardner - originally from Dunbar - at the same church where the Queen's granddaughter, Zara Phillips, will marry English rugby player Mike Tindall in July. Long-term thinning and restocking programmes provide timber for construction and wood fuel while avoiding the need to clear-fell and retaining the woods as an attractive landscape structure in perpetuity. Prince Philip, his flings - and the Irish connections - independent Those ads you do see are predominantly from local businesses promoting local services. Scottish nobleman and the Premier Peer of Scotland, Current title holders, listed by date of creation, from earliest to most recent, Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 16th Duke of Hamilton, Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton, "Hamilton, 16th Duke of, cr 1643 (Scot. On 14 February (St. Valentine's Day) 1752, Hamilton met the society beauty Elizabeth Gunning at Bedford House in London. Large parcels of Hamilton land were confiscated at this time. No duke has had a great-grandson in direct line to the titles, but it is likely that the latter would be styled "Lord Abernethy" (the Lordship of Abernethy and Jedburgh Forest being the most senior available title). Person Page - the peerage Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton: Biography on He served with the Royal Navy until 1890, when Alfred caught a rare tropical disease during a tour of duty and was partially paralysed. Because there had not been a royal wedding for eleven years, there was much excitement about the wedding of George and Marina. The Duke, 33, Scotland's premier peer, married Sophie Ann Rutherford - an interior designer whose family comes from the Borders - in a traditional ceremony in front of more than 300 guests. The 12th dukes expenditure increased the Hamiltons debts to around 1.5 million. Alexandra Sacha Phillips was a Exquisite Bride, Alexandra Sacha Phillips was a Extraordinary Lady. He bought 22 Arlington Street in St James, London from Henry Somerset, 7th Duke of Beaufort for 60,000. The titles held by the current duke of Hamilton and Brandon are: The duke of Hamilton and Brandon is the hereditary keeper of the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official royal residence in Scotland, where he maintains large private quarters. Upon the death of his uncle in 1609 he succeeded as 4th Earl of Arran (of the 1503 creation) and 5th Lord Hamilton. A compromise of sorts was reached in the middle of 1937, though the Duke of Windsor got little that he wanted, and a date was set: on June 3, 1937 80 years ago this Saturday they'd be married. Dukes of Hamilton - Dukes and Princes The venue had added significance as Canongate Kirk is the kirk of Holyroodhouse, and the Duke is the hereditary Keeper of the Palace of Holyroodhouse. His final flourish to the palace in the 1840s was a double staircase of hand-polished Irish black marble which cost more than 10,000 at the time almost 500,000 today. For more information please contact our Property Team. This was extremely unusual for the period and a clear indication to society of the Hamiltons' wealth and power. On 12 September 2022, during a service of remembrance in St Giles' Cathedral, the Duke placed the Crown of Scotland upon the coffin of Queen Elizabeth II.[5]. In 1946 Douglas Douglas-Hamilton purchased Lennoxlove near Haddington as a family home. The 5th laird was succeeded as 6th laird by his son, Sir James Hamilton, who was created a Lord of Parliament as Lord Hamilton on 3 July 1445. The celebrations took place on 23 February at Mannheim Palace, Germany, and the couple stayed on the Continent for their honeymoon. James Edward Hamilton, 4th Duke of Abercorn was born on 29 February 1904. He is also, as Lord Abernethy and in this respect successor to the Gaelic earls of Fife, the hereditary bearer of the Crown of Scotland, a role which the 15th duke performed at the inauguration of the Scottish Parliament in 1999,[2][3][4] as did the 16th duke at the State Opening of Parliament, 30 June 2011. He is the son of Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton, and his first wife, Sarah Scott, and was educated at Keil School, Dumbarton, and Gordonstoun in Scotland.. Inheritance. Over fifty years, Alexanderassembled an astonishing collection of important works of art associated with Roman and Russian Emperors, Popes and Cardinals, Queen Marie-Antoinette and the Emperor Napoleon. Home to the Regent Arran, a close relative of Mary, Queen of Scots, the base of the Privy Council Headquarters, an RAF Satellite Station when the 14th Duke of Hamilton was Commandant for Scotland and the family seat of the Hamilton family. It was a short-lived reign; he died in 1769, aged 14. Of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom", Extant dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke_of_Hamilton&oldid=1141590704, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Douglas Charles Douglas-Hamilton, Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale, 16th Marquess of Clydesdale (created 1643), 16th Earl of Arran and Cambridge (created 1643), 13th Lord Abernethy and Jedburgh Forest (created 1633), 15th Lord Machanshyre and Polmont (created 1639), 16th Lord Aven and Innerdale (created 1643), 13th Duke of Brandon, in the County of Suffolk (created 1711), 13th Baron Dutton, in the County of Chester (created 1711), Charles Hamilton, Earl of Arran (16341640) (eldest son of the 3rd Marquess, predeceased his father in childhood), Charles Hamilton, Earl of Arran (died 1640), Douglas Charles Douglas-Hamilton, Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale (born 2012) (son of the 16th Duke), Lord William Frederick Douglas-Hamilton (born 2014) (second son of the 16th Duke), Lord Basil George Douglas-Hamilton (born 2016) (third son of the 16th Duke), Lord John William Douglas-Hamilton (born 1979) (younger brother of the 16th Duke), John Andrew Douglas-Hamilton, Lord Daer (born 1978) (eldest son of life peer, Baron Selkirk of Douglas (who disclaimed The Earldom of Selkirk for himself)), The Hon. Experts say that as a rule of thumb, everyone in relationships should aim to have sex around once a month. On 9 July 1698, the 3rd Duchess resigned all her titles in favour of her eldest son, James, Earl of Arran, who thereby succeeded as 4th Duke in his mother's lifetime (his father had died in 1694).